Final answer:
Cavity preparation is the process of removing decay and defects in preparation for tooth restoration.
Step-by-step explanation:
The process of removing decay and other defects in preparation for restoration of the tooth is called cavity preparation. If caries develop, prompt treatment prevents worsening. Smaller areas of decay can be drilled to remove affected tissue and then filled. If the pulp is affected, then a root canal may be needed to completely remove the infected tissues to avoid continued spread of the infection, which could lead to painful abscesses.