Final answer:
A nerve block is the term for the injection of a chemical compound to numb or desensitize the neurons in the area surrounding the injection site.
Step-by-step explanation:
The term for the injection of a chemical compound to numb or desensitize the neurons in the area surrounding the injection site is nerve block. Nerve blocks are commonly used in medical procedures, such as dental work or surgeries, to provide localized anesthesia. By blocking the transmission of pain signals from the nerves, nerve blocks can effectively numb the area and prevent pain.