Final answer:
The U.S. law that prohibits companies from bribing foreign officials is likely the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA), which aims to prevent corruption and ensure ethical international business practices.
Step-by-step explanation:
The U.S. legislation that makes it a crime for companies to bribe officials of a foreign government in order to obtain or retain business in another country is not explicitly named in the provided text, but it is likely referring to the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA). Although the original question contains an error with the placeholder '______', the FCPA is the relevant law. This act was enacted to prevent corruption and bribery in international business dealings, ensuring fair competition and ethical practices. Under the FCPA, it is illegal for companies and their supervisors, to influence foreign officials with personal payments or rewards.
The act also ties into discussions on lobbying regulations and interest group activity within U.S. federal law, as lobbying efforts and efforts to influence policy can border on corrupt practices if not properly regulated. Violations of laws like the Lobby Disclosure Act or the Foreign Agents Registration Act can result in significant penalties, including fines and imprisonment. Therefore, it's imperative that businesses and individuals engaging in international trade and diplomacy fully understand and comply with these regulations, amongst others that govern the conduct of businesses, such as antitrust laws and ethical codes.