Final answer:
Acromegaly is a disorder caused by an overproduction of growth hormone in adults, typically due to a pituitary gland tumor, leading to enlarged bones and thickened soft tissues in specific body parts.
Step-by-step explanation:
Acromegaly is a hormonal disorder that occurs in adults when there is excessive production of growth hormone (GH) after full skeletal growth, typically caused by a tumor in the pituitary gland. This disorder is characterized by an enlargement of bones in the face, hands, and feet. It should not be confused with gigantism, which is the result of excess GH in childhood and leads to an abnormally tall stature.
The most common cause of acromegaly is a benign tumor of the adenohypophysis (pituitary gland) which leads to hypersecretion of GH. Patients may notice a broadened skull, as well as thickened soft tissue in the nose, lips, forehead, and scalp. If left untreated, acromegaly can result in serious complications, including arthritis and cardiovascular disorders.
Acromegaly typically arises in middle-aged adults and is a progressive condition that develops over many years. Early detection and treatment are critical to managing the symptoms and complications associated with this disorder.