Final answer:
The type of sodium disorder caused by SIADH and resulting hyponatremia is option b) Hyponatremia, which is a lower-than-normal concentration of sodium due to excessive water retention that dilutes the blood sodium levels.
Step-by-step explanation:
A hospitalized patient in the ICU who develops Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH) will often present with hyponatremia. SIADH leads to excessive retention of water in the body, which dilutes the concentration of sodium in the blood, resulting in a lower-than-normal concentration of sodium. It occurs because antidiuretic hormone (ADH) promotes water reabsorption in the kidneys, and when ADH is produced inappropriately, it increases water retention and lowers sodium levels. In comparison, hypernatremia is characterized by high serum Na and is not associated with SIADH. Therefore, the type of sodium disorder caused by SIADH is b) Hyponatremia.
The development of SIADH (syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone) and hyponatremia in a hospitalized patient in the ICU indicates that the patient will experience hyponatremia. Hyponatremia is a lower-than-normal concentration of sodium in the blood, usually associated with excess water accumulation in the body, which dilutes the sodium. This can occur due to conditions such as excessive sweating, vomiting, diarrhea, the use of diuretics, excessive production of urine, or acidosis.