Final answer:
Symptoms of osmotic diuresis include Polyuria, Polydipsia, and Dehydration. It commonly occurs in conditions like diabetes mellitus where excess glucose in urine draws out water, leading to an increase in urine volume and the need for fluid intake to compensate for water loss.
Step-by-step explanation:
The symptoms of osmotic diuresis are a) Polyuria, Polydipsia, and Dehydration. Osmotic diuresis occurs when substances that are not easily absorbed create an osmotic force that pulls water into the urine. This can result in a significant increase in urine output (polyuria), leading to dehydration as the body attempts to maintain a balance in water levels. Therefore, there is also an increased intake of fluids (polydipsia) due to the body's response to the dehydration and ongoing polyuria.
Diabetes mellitus is one common cause of osmotic diuresis, where elevated glucose levels in the blood exceed the reabsorption capabilities of the kidney tubules, resulting in glucose in the urine which then acts as an osmotic diuretic. This causes polyuria, polydipsia, and potentially severe dehydration if not managed properly.