Final answer:
An advocacy threat arises when a CPA becomes a whistleblower against their employer under SOX or Dodd-Frank, as this may compromise their objectivity or independence.
Step-by-step explanation:
When a CPA makes a whistleblowing charge against their employer under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX) or the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, a(n) advocacy threat arises. This type of threat occurs when the CPA's objectivity or independence is compromised due to taking a position against their employer, potentially leading to a conflict of interest. It is essential for an accountant to maintain independence in both fact and appearance, and whistleblowing could put the accountant in an adversarial position with the employer.