Final answer:
The nurse should monitor for respiratory depression as a side effect of meperidine hydrochloride, as it is a serious and potentially life-threatening condition. Other side effects include constipation and nausea, but respiratory function requires close monitoring.
Step-by-step explanation:
When monitoring for side effects of meperidine hydrochloride, a medication prescribed for pain, the nurse should be particularly vigilant for signs of respiratory depression. Meperidine is an analgesic that reduces pain without a loss of consciousness at therapeutic doses but can cause narcotic effects such as drowsiness and loss of consciousness at higher doses. Among the side effects of opioids like meperidine are constipation, nausea, vomiting, and dry mouth. However, respiratory depression is one of the most serious side effects and can be life-threatening, thus it requires immediate attention and intervention.
Respiratory depression can impair motor coordination, breathing, and heart function in severe cases. Nurses should monitor the patient's respiratory rate and oxygen saturation regularly, especially when initiating treatment or adjusting the dosage of meperidine.