Final answer:
A fetal scalp blood sample may be obtained to establish fetal well-being in situations with Category II fetal heart rate tracing, variable decelerations, or late decelerations.
Step-by-step explanation:
A fetal scalp blood sample may be obtained to establish fetal well-being in situations with Category II fetal heart rate tracing, variable decelerations, or late decelerations. These situations indicate a potential compromise to the fetus's oxygen supply and may require further evaluation through a scalp blood sample.