Final answer:
Cephalohematoma(option A) is the condition involving hemorrhage between the periosteum and the skull in newborns, which does not cross the midline and is limited to one cranial bone.
Step-by-step explanation:
The condition described as edematous areas on the head caused by bleeding between the peritoneum and skull, which does not cross midline, is known as Cephalohematoma. This condition occurs in newborns and involves hemorrhage between the bone and its covering periosteum. Unlike caput succedaneum, which can cross the midline, or a subgaleal hemorrhage, which involves bleeding into the subgaleal space, cephalohematoma is restricted to the limits of one cranial bone due to the periosteal attachment. It also differs from molding, which is the shaping of the fetal head during its passage through the birth canal, not involving hemorrhage.