Final answer:
Signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia after AM administration of regular insulin are most likely to occur in the afternoon when insulin action peaks. Symptoms can vary individually but afternoon is the typical time frame for hypoglycemic events. Dosing adjustments may be required if hypoglycemia is severe or prolonged.
Step-by-step explanation:
If regular insulin is administered in the AM, the signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia most commonly occur when the insulin's action is at its peak. According to Graph-A, the blood glucose level falls within an hour due to the utilization of glucose by cells aided by insulin. Given the pharmacodynamics of regular insulin, which typically has a peak effect 2 to 4 hours after administration, one would expect hypoglycemic symptoms to possibly begin in the afternoon. This time can vary based on individual responses to insulin, but the afternoon period is a critical time to monitor for hypoglycemia.
Moreover, if the dose of insulin is higher than necessary, as mentioned in point 10, the risk of severe and prolonged hypoglycemia increases, indicating a need to adjust the dosage. Graph-B, describing glucose levels in diabetic patients, highlights the difference in blood glucose response to insulin between individuals with normal glucose tolerance and those with diabetes mellitus.
It's also important to note that detection of excessive insulin antagonists shows hyperglycemia, whereas during renal dysfunction, hypoglycemia can occur due to non-reabsorption of glucose by the kidney tubules, as detailed in point 12.