Final answer:
After forceps use during labor, nursing assessment should focus on bladder distention, uterine atony, vaginal lacerations, and deep vein thrombosis due to the mechanical stress exerted by the forceps and the physiological changes surrounding childbirth.
Step-by-step explanation:
After the use of forceps during labor, the nurse should assess the woman for signs of bladder distention, uterine atony, vaginal lacerations, and deep vein thrombosis. Each of these conditions can arise due to the mechanical nature of the forceps delivery and the associated physical stresses on the mother's body.
Bladder distention can occur because the forceps may exert pressure on the bladder, or the process of delivery can result in temporary loss of bladder control or sensation. Uterine atony, which is the failure of the uterus to contract adequately after birth, may result from the extended manipulation during a forceps delivery. This can lead to postpartum hemorrhage, as uterine contractions are necessary to reduce blood loss. Inspecting the placenta and fetal membranes is crucial to ensure that no fragments remain in the uterus, which could also contribute to hemorrhage.
Vaginal lacerations are another potential complication of forceps use due to the mechanical nature of the device. And finally, deep vein thrombosis (DVT) can occur because of increased pressure during delivery or immobilization after childbirth. It's especially important to monitor this condition as clots may form due to pressure from the fetus on returning veins as they enter the abdominal cavity during pregnancy and could be exacerbated by delivery.