Final answer:
Vasopressin, also known as Pitressin, is an antidiuretic hormone used to increase water reabsorption in the kidneys and has vasoconstrictor properties. It is used in some emergency situations to control esophageal bleeding but is contraindicated in certain kidney conditions and requires lab checks before administration.
Step-by-step explanation:
Pitressin, which is a brand name for vasopressin, is an important hormone in the management of certain medical conditions. Vasopressin is an antidiuretic hormone primarily used to increase water reabsorption in the kidneys, reducing water excretion and concentrating the urine. This hormone also has vasopressor activity, meaning it can cause vasoconstriction and subsequently help to increase blood pressure. While vasopressin has these crucial roles, it is also used to control esophageal bleeding in certain emergencies.
Given your options, the correct answer would be: c) Pitressin/Vasopressin is an antidiuretic hormone used to increase water reabsorption. It is critical to note that vasopressin is not used to treat insomnia, it is not a bronchodilator, nor is it a laxative.
There are certain situations where the use of vasopressin would be contraindicated, such as in patients who have chronic nephritis with nitrogen retention. Before administering vasopressin, it is important to perform relevant laboratory checks, like serum sodium levels and renal function tests to avoid potential complications such as water intoxication and electrolyte imbalance.