Final answer:
Investigation or discovery in the legal process is about both sides finding information on each other's cases to prep for trial. It's not for determining guilt or innocence, which is the jury's job during the trial. Discovery enables thorough preparation and possible settlement negotiations.
Step-by-step explanation:
The investigation is a critical phase in the legal process, often referred to as "discovery," where both the prosecution and defense attorneys gather information about each other's case before the actual trial begins. The main purpose of this process is to enable both sides to prepare their arguments and evidence effectively, aiming to present the strongest possible case in court. It also served to negotiate settlements between parties and avoid unnecessary trials. Discovery can include the exchange of documents, depositions (out-of-court testimony), and interrogatories (written questions).
While the crime investigation determines the facts of the case, the trial itself involves presenting evidence and arguments in front of a judge and often a jury. These can be critical audiences where the evidence is scrutinized, and it is the jury's role to decide on the guilt or innocence of the defendant based on the evidence and testimonies presented during the trial. The jury's impartiality is vital in ensuring fair judgment, adhering to the foundational principles of the American court system as described by the Sixth Amendment, which guarantees the right to a public and speedy trial by an impartial jury.
In conclusion, investigation or discovery is not about determining guilt or innocence but about preparing for trial by gathering evidence. The determination of guilt or innocence rests with the jury, after hearing all the evidence presented during the trial.