Final answer:
The ejection fraction is calculated by dividing the stroke volume by the end-diastolic volume and is expressed as a percentage. A patient should be referred for a defibrillator if their ejection fraction is less than 20%.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer is A) 20%. If the ejection fraction is less than 20%, a patient should be referred for a defibrillator. The ejection fraction is a measure of how well the heart is pumping blood. It is calculated by dividing the stroke volume (SV) by the end-diastolic volume (EDV) and expressing the result as a percentage.