Final answer:
During the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis, potassium levels require close monitoring due to the risk of hypokalemia caused by insulin administration and the subsequent movement of potassium into cells.
Step-by-step explanation:
In the management of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), it is crucial to monitor several electrolytes due to the potential for significant shifts in their serum concentrations. During the treatment with aggressive fluid resuscitation and intravenous (IV) insulin administration, the electrolyte that requires close monitoring is potassium. Insulin administration can cause potassium to move into cells along with glucose, which can lead to a decrease in serum potassium levels. This can cause a condition known as hypokalemia, which can be dangerous if not properly managed. Potassium is essential for many bodily functions, including nerve and muscle cell function. Therefore, when blood glucose begins to normalize during DKA treatment, clinicians must carefully monitor potassium levels to avoid complications.