Question

There are several ways an oncogene can be activated, such as...

a. Point mutation
b. Amplification
c. Chromosomal translocation
d. All of the above

Answer 1

An oncogene can be activated through point mutation, amplification, and chromosomal translocation.

Step-by-step explanation:

There are three ways an oncogene can be activated: point mutation, amplification, and chromosomal translocation.A point mutation occurs when there is a change in a single DNA nucleotide. This can result in an activation of an oncogene. An example of a point mutation is the substitution of a single nucleotide in the RAS gene, leading to uncontrolled cell growth.Amplification happens when a cell gains many copies of a small chromosomal locus, often containing one or more oncogenes. This results in an increased expression of the oncogenes, leading to uncontrolled cell growth. An example of amplification is the MYC oncogene in Burkitt's lymphoma.Chromosomal translocation occurs when two separate chromosomal regions become fused abnormally. This can result in the creation of a fusion gene that has oncogenic properties. An example is the Philadelphia chromosome in chronic myelogenous leukemia.