Final answer:
Oncogene activation can occur through various mutations, including point mutation, deletion, amplification, or chromosomal translocation, which alter gene function and may lead to cancer.
Step-by-step explanation:
Activation of Oncogenes
The activation of an oncogene requires only one hit, which can lead to several outcomes, including: a) point mutation, b) deletion, c) amplification, or d) chromosomal translocation. The direct answer in two lines to the question is that this hit can result in any of the following: a point mutation, a deletion, an amplification, or a chromosomal translocation. Oncogenes are types of genes that can cause cancer when they are activated or overexpressed. Chromosomal translocations are particularly significant in certain cancers, such as chronic myelogenous leukemia, which involves the Philadelphia chromosome, as well as genomic amplification that greatly increase the copy number of oncogenes. Small-scale mutations, like point mutations or deletions, can occur within a gene and impact its function, leading to the potential development of cancer if they affect an oncogene.
n contrast, only one hit is required for the oncogene to be activated. This hit results in...
a. Point mutation
b. Deletion
c. Amplification
d. Chromosomal translocation
The correct answer is a. Point mutation. In the context of oncogenes, a point mutation refers to a change in a single nucleotide of the DNA sequence. This can lead to the activation of the oncogene and the production of abnormal proteins that promote uncontrolled cell growth and contribute to the development of cancer