Final answer:
Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disease where autoantibodies block acetylcholine receptors, impeding muscle contractions. A high-protein diet helps with muscle repair, while supplements should be used under medical supervision. Option (a) correctly explains that autoantibodies against acetylcholine receptors cause the disorder.
Step-by-step explanation:
Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disorder that affects the neuromuscular junction, leading to progressive muscle weakness and fatigue. The condition occurs when autoantibodies target acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) at the neuromuscular junction. This hinders the normal communication between nerve cells and muscles because it prevents acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter, from binding to its receptors on muscle cells and stimulating muscle contractions.
Regarding myasthenia gravis care with attention to improving nutrition: patients are generally advised to adopt a diet that supports their overall health and accommodates their specific needs. A high-protein diet can be beneficial, as protein is essential for muscle repair and energy. Contrarily, there is no specific requirement to encourage a low-carbohydrate diet for this condition. While fluid intake should not be restricted unless advised by a medical professional, it's important for patients with swallowing difficulties to be careful with their fluid intake to prevent aspiration. Dietary supplements may be helpful, but should be used under the guidance of a healthcare provider.
The best answer to what happens in myasthenia gravis is that the body produces autoantibodies that block the receptors for acetylcholine on muscle cells, which impairs muscle contraction capability and leads to symptoms. Therefore, statement (a) from the provided options correctly explains the cause of myasthenia gravis.