Final answer:
Infants born to diabetic women commonly have macrosomia (excessive birth weight) and cardiac anomalies (heart defects), such as patent ductus arteriosus and tetralogy of Fallot.
Step-by-step explanation:
The most common defects in infants born to diabetic women are macrosomia (excessive birth weight) and cardiac anomalies (heart defects).
Macrosomia occurs when a baby grows larger than average due to high blood glucose levels in the mother. This can lead to difficulties during delivery and increase the risk of birth injuries.
Cardiac anomalies refer to abnormalities in the structure or function of the heart. These can include conditions like patent ductus arteriosus and tetralogy of Fallot, which are examples of heart defects that may be more common in infants born to diabetic women.