Question

Spike-timing dependent plasticity with acetylcholine and norepinephrine, as in waking, leads to:

a) Long-term potentiation
b) Long-term depression
c) No plasticity changes
d) Rapid synaptic decay

Answer 1

Spike-timing dependent plasticity with acetylcholine and norepinephrine in waking leads to long-term potentiation (LTP), resulting in a persistent strengthening of synaptic connections.

Step-by-step explanation:

Spike-timing dependent plasticity with acetylcholine and norepinephrine, as in waking, leads to long-term potentiation (LTP).

LTP is a persistent strengthening of a synaptic connection based on the Hebbian principle. It involves the activation of NMDA receptors and the insertion of AMPA receptors in the postsynaptic membrane, resulting in a stronger synapse and increased likelihood of firing in response to neurotransmitter release.