Final answer:
The correct procedure for a pilot in a surveillance final approach who loses communications is to continue the approach and land if safe to do so, relying on visual references and following local regulations and SOPs. There is not a universally applied specific time, such as 2 or 15 minutes, after which lost communications procedures are executed in this scenario.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question pertains to the Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) for a pilot conducting a surveillance final approach in the event of a loss of radio communication with air traffic control. The correct answer is not universally set and can vary depending on the specific protocols of the airspace or country in question. In the United States, under FAA regulations, for an Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) flight, if the pilot loses communication while on a final approach segment, they are expected to continue the approach and land if the runway is available and they have sufficient visual reference to proceed safely. The rule of a specific time duration, such as 2 minutes or 15 minutes, might not directly apply to this particular scenario; instead, the pilot has to execute missed approach procedures immediately if the approach cannot be completed.
It is important for pilots to review and understand the lost communications procedures for the specific airports and airspaces they operate within, which are often outlined in the Aeronautical Information Manual (AIM) or other local aviation regulatory documentation. In practice, if a communication loss happens on final approach, pilots must rely on their training and follow established procedures to safely execute the landing or missed approach without radio contact.