Final answer:
The DNA polymerase involved in E. coli DNA replication with 10 subunits is likely DNA polymerase III. This enzyme is complex and specific to prokaryotic organisms, distinguishing it from the multiple polymerases found in eukaryotic cells.
Step-by-step explanation:
The DNA polymerase involved in E. coli DNA replication that consists of 10 subunits is none other than the DNA polymerase III holoenzyme. This complex is essential for the replication process.
When discussing DNA replication in E. coli, it's important to distinguish between the various enzymes involved. The question likely refers to the DNA polymerase III holoenzyme, specifically tailored for prokaryotic organisms and their replication machinery. In contrast, eukaryotes have a larger set of DNA polymerases, such as pol α, pol β, pol γ, pol δ, and pol ɛ.
Regarding RNA polymerase involved in transcription in E. coli, the RNA polymerase is composed of five subunits – namely two alpha (α), one beta (β), one beta' (β'), and one sigma (σ) factor. The sigma factor is involved in transcription initiation and confers specificity to the DNA sequences that are transcribed into RNA.