Question

Structures that move from the cell body of a neuron down the axon toward the neuron terminals are said to move in which direction?

1) Anterograde
2) Retrograde
3) Prograde
4) Orthograde

Answer 1

The movement of structures down the axon toward neuron terminals is called anterograde transport, essential for delivering materials to synapses for neural communication.

Step-by-step explanation:

The structures that move from the cell body of a neuron down the axon toward the neuron terminals are said to move in an anterograde direction.

In biology, neural transport along the axon is essential for neuronal function. Anterograde transport refers to the movement of organelles, enzymes, and synaptic vesicles from the neuron's cell body towards the axon terminal. This process is driven by motor proteins such as kinesin and is fueled by ATP.

This transport is vital for the function of the neuron, as it ensures the delivery of necessary materials for neurotransmitter release at the synapse, contributing to proper neural communication. In contrast, retrograde transport is the movement of materials back toward the cell body, typically for recycling or signaling purposes, and is driven by a different set of motor proteins, including dynein. The integrity of these transport mechanisms is crucial for normal neuronal function and health.