Question

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is an acute inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal mucosa that can progress to perforation of the bowel. Approximately 2% to 5% of premature infants succumb to this fatal disease. Care is supportive; however, there are known interventions that may decrease the risk of NEC. To develop an optimal plan of care for this infant, the nurse must understand that which intervention has the greatest effect on lowering the risk of NEC?

A. Early enteral feedings.

B. Breastfeeding.

C. Exchange transfusion.

D. Prophylactic probiotics.

Answer 1

Prophylactic probiotics have the greatest effect on lowering the risk of NEC.

Step-by-step explanation:

The intervention that has the greatest effect on lowering the risk of Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC) is Prophylactic probiotics. Probiotics are live microorganisms that can confer health benefits when administered in adequate amounts. Several studies have shown that the use of prophylactic probiotics, such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium strains, can significantly reduce the incidence of NEC in premature infants. These probiotics help to establish a healthy gut microbiome and strengthen the immune system, which plays a crucial role in protecting against NEC.