Final answer:
The principle of 'all men are created equal' with certain unalienable rights such as 'Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness' is a core element of the Declaration of Independence. It underscores popular sovereignty and states that the government's power comes from the people's consent and is meant to protect their rights. If it fails, the people have the right to alter or abolish that government.
Step-by-step explanation:
Governing Principles of the Declaration of Independence
One of the foundational governing principles outlined in the Declaration of Independence is the assertion that "all men are created equal" and are "endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights." These rights include "Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness." This principle is deeply entrenched in the democratic ideals that formed the backbone of the new nation. According to this philosophy, these rights are inherent and cannot be granted or taken away by any government. It is the government’s role to protect these rights, and it derives its power to do so from the consent of those it governs. If a government fails to protect these rights, it is not only the right but also the duty of the people to alter or abolish it and institute new governance that will ensure their safety and happiness.
The principle of equality and certain unalienable rights sets the foundation for what is often referred to as popular sovereignty. The Declaration of Independence draws heavily from Enlightenment thinkers, with a particular influence from John Locke's social contract theory. It reflects the idea that governmental authority is not absolute but is instead subject to the will of the people, whom it serves. This principle also relates to the British governance documents, like the Magna Carta and the British Bill of Rights of 1689, which emphasized that the king was not above the law. The principle of popular sovereignty, as outlined in the Declaration, served as a legitimization for the colonies to sever their political ties with Great Britain and to establish their government where the consent of the governed is paramount.