Final answer:
Actonel and Boniva are bisphosphonates used to treat and prevent osteoporosis. They should be taken with water, following specific guidelines, and side effects can include gastrointestinal issues. Long-term use beyond three to four years is not typically recommended.
Step-by-step explanation:
Actonel and Boniva are medications used for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. They belong to a class of drugs known as bisphosphonates, which work by decreasing the activity of osteoclasts, cells that break down bone, to help maintain bone density and reduce the risk of fractures. Teaching patients about these medications includes instructions to take them with a full glass of water, not milk, on an empty stomach, and to remain upright for at least 30 minutes afterwards to prevent esophageal irritation. Side effects may include nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. It's important for patients to be aware that long-term use of bisphosphonates, generally not recommended beyond three to four years, might lead to an increased risk of certain fractures due to old bone becoming brittle.