Final answer:
Iron is essential for oxygen transport and cellular respiration, stored mainly in the liver, spleen, and bone marrow. Only about 10% of dietary iron is absorbed, with daily requirements varying by age and gender. Understanding iron metabolism and management is crucial for health and managing anemia.
Step-by-step explanation:
Iron Absorption and Metabolism
Iron is a vital mineral with several crucial roles in the body, including oxygen transport and cellular respiration. The degree of iron absorption can vary, with conditions like anemia leading to increased absorption. Iron metabolism can be disrupted by abnormalities such as decreased hemoglobin formation or serum iron concentration abnormalities.
Iron Storage and Transport
Iron stores are mostly found in the liver, spleen, and bone marrow as ferritin and hemosiderin. In the bloodstream, iron is transported by transferrin to tissues including the red bone marrow. Dietary sources of iron include meats, beans, and fortified cereals. The body's capacity to store iron can lead to complications if excessive iron is supplied, particularly in conditions requiring frequent blood transfusions or parenteral iron therapy.
Daily Iron Requirements and Excretion
Despite the variable intake, only about 10% of dietary iron is absorbed. Infants, children, and adults have different daily requirements, and iron excretion occurs via urine, feces, and sweat, with women having additional menstrual losses.
Iron Deficiency and Anemia
Iron deficiency often manifests as anemia, the most common nutritional deficiency worldwide. Sickle-cell anemia specifically involves issues with the abnormal hemoglobin that can impair iron utilization and recycling. It is important for patients to be educated on potential drug interactions and the timing of iron intake, as well as monitoring parameters and dosage adjustments.
Conclusion
Proper understanding of iron metabolism, storage, and daily requirements is essential for maintaining health and managing conditions related to iron, such as various types of anemia.