Final answer:
Scoliosis is the abnormal S-shaped curvature of the spine seen in school-aged children and is most commonly diagnosed during growth spurts in adolescence. It may be managed with bracing or surgery, depending on severity.
Step-by-step explanation:
An abdominal S-Shaped curvature of the spine seen in school-aged children is known as scoliosis. Scoliosis is an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine that can involve twisting of the vertebral column. It is a condition that can become more pronounced during growth spurts in adolescence. While some cases of scoliosis may be due to factors such as muscle weakness, vertebral defects, or limb length discrepancies, often the exact cause is not known. Although not all individuals with scoliosis require treatment, management options can include the use of a back brace or, in severe cases, surgery to correct the curvature.
It's important to distinguish scoliosis from other spinal deformities such as kyphosis (an excessive posterior curvature of the spine) and lordosis (an excessive anterior curvature of the lumbar spine). These are different types of spinal curvatures that can also affect individuals.