Final answer:
The complementary approaches to ISO/IEC 20000 are COBIT and TOGAF. COBIT helps ensure IT is aligned with business goals, and TOGAF aids in enterprise IT architecture design and governance.
Step-by-step explanation:
The complementary approaches to ISO/IEC 20000 are D. COBIT and TOGAF. ISO/IEC 20000 is an international IT standard that specifies requirements for an organization to establish, implement, maintain, and continually improve a Service Management System (SMS). While ISO/IEC 20000 provides a framework for service management, it can be complemented by other best practices and frameworks to strengthen overall IT governance and management.
COBIT (Control Objectives for Information and related Technology) is a comprehensive framework for IT governance and management. It provides guidelines and best practices to help organizations ensure that IT is aligned with business goals and delivers value through effective management and control of IT resources.
TOGAF (The Open Group Architecture Framework) is another complementary approach, focused on enterprise architecture. TOGAF aids organizations in designing, planning, implementing, and governing an enterprise information technology architecture.
ISO/IEC 27001 and ITIL, Six Sigma and Lean, Agile and Scrum, while valuable in their own rights, do not directly complement the ISO/IEC 20000 standard in the same way that COBIT and TOGAF do. These pairs have their respective focuses, such as IT security management, service lifecycle management, process improvement methods, and project management frameworks.