Final answer:
The measurement of postvoid residual (PVR) urine is critical for evaluating bladder function and is used to determine if the bladder is emptying completely.
Step-by-step explanation:
The measurement of postvoid residual (PVR) urine is pivotal in assessing bladder function. PVR is the amount of urine that remains in the bladder after urination, and its measurement helps to determine whether the bladder is emptying properly. Issues with incomplete emptying can lead to urinary tract infections or bladder problems. In contrast, blood sugar levels are assessed using glucose tests, lung capacity can be measured using spirometry, and bone density is typically determined by a DEXA scan. Tests to assess kidney function include the urea clearance test and the creatinine clearance test, which provide information on the kidney's ability to filter and excrete waste products from the bloodstream.