Question

Signs of right-sided heart failure include:

A. A low cardiac output.
B. Symptoms of fluid retention.
C. Dyspnea.
D. Elevated pulmonary venous pressure."

Answer 1

Right-sided heart failure is characterized by fluid retention in the body, dyspnea, and elevated pulmonary venous pressure.

Step-by-step explanation:

Right-sided heart failure is characterized by the accumulation of fluid in the body, known as fluid retention. This occurs because the right side of the heart is not effectively pumping blood to the lungs for oxygenation, leading to a decrease in cardiac output and an increase in pressure in the vena cavae. As a result, symptoms such as dyspnea (difficulty breathing) and elevated pulmonary venous pressure can be observed.