Final answer:
Postpartum ovarian function is influenced by breastfeeding, which can delay the return of menstruation and ovulation. Contraception should not be deferred post-puerperium due to possible ovulation, and the character of the first menstrual flow post-childbirth commonly involves lochia discharge.
Step-by-step explanation:
With regard to postpartum ovarian function, it is notable that ovulation and menstruation patterns can be affected by whether a woman is breastfeeding or not. Notably:
- Almost 75% of women who do not breastfeed resume menstruating within a month after birth is not correct. The return of menstruation for non-breastfeeding women can vary significantly with some women experiencing a return sooner and others much later.
- Ovulation typically occurs later for breastfeeding women due to the amenorrheic effect breastfeeding has on the reproductive system.
- Contraception considerations should not be postponed until after the puerperium (postpartum period) because ovulation can occur before the return of menstruation, and therefore, the risk of pregnancy exists.
- The first menstrual flow after childbirth can vary, however, it is not typically characterized as being heavier than normal. It more commonly includes discharge called lochia, which changes in character during the postpartum period.
Furthermore, breastfeeding can facilitate the process of uterine involution, helping the uterus to return to its pre-pregnancy size more quickly, and indirectly influencing the return of ovarian function. Prolactin levels, which increase with each breastfeeding session, play a role in the suppression of the ovulatory cycle.