Final answer:
To prevent aneurysms and pseudoaneurysms, especially in hemodialysis patients, one should rotate needle insertion sites regularly. Heat application, using larger needles, or applying increased pressure post-dialysis do not directly prevent these conditions.
Step-by-step explanation:
To prevent the formation of aneurysms and pseudoaneurysms, it is essential to practice certain measures, especially for patients undergoing hemodialysis. The correct practice from the given options is to rotate needle insertion sites regularly. Doing so can minimize injury and scarring of the vessels, which can lead to weaknesses in the vessel walls. Regularly applying heat to the access site or using larger bore needles does not prevent the formation of aneurysms and may in fact cause more trauma to the blood vessels. Applying increased pressure post-dialysis at the access site is a necessary measure to prevent bleeding but does not directly prevent aneurysm formation; instead, consistent and careful pressure management is needed.
Hemodialysis patients require frequent treatment because their kidneys are no longer able to sufficiently clean the blood of waste products. As for the factor by which the radius of an artery must be increased to multiply blood flow by 10 during angioplasty, it follows the principle of the Poiseuille's Law where flow is proportional to the fourth power of the radius, therefore the radius would need to be increased by approximately 1.78 times (the fourth root of 10).