Final answer:
Fifth Disease, caused by Parvovirus B-19, features a distinctive slapped cheek rash and sometimes joint pain, differing from roseola which is caused by human herpesvirus and lacks the characteristic facial rash.
Step-by-step explanation:
Parvovirus B-19 is known for causing Fifth Disease, a common contagious illness in children that leads to a distinct facial rash often described as a slapped cheek appearance. In addition to the rash, symptoms may include joint pain, fever, and an upset stomach, with the rash potentially spreading to other parts of the body and lasting for several weeks. While children typically recover without specific treatment, adults with Fifth Disease may experience joint pain and swelling for extended periods. Testing for parvovirus B-19 can confirm the diagnosis.
One similarity between roseola and Fifth Disease is that they both present with a rash and cold-like symptoms in the early stages. However, a key difference is the unique slapped cheek rash seen in Fifth Disease, which is not a feature of roseola. Additionally, roseola is caused by the human herpesvirus, while Parvovirus B-19 causes Fifth Disease.