Final answer:
The long-term complication of hemophilia is joint deformities due to recurrent bleeding, caused by a deficiency of clotting factors, leading to damage in joints over time.
Step-by-step explanation:
The long-term complication of hemophilia is a) Joint deformities due to recurrent bleeding. This is because people with hemophilia lack adequate clotting factors in their blood, which leads to repeated bleeding episodes, particularly into muscles and joints. Over time, frequent bleeding into joints can cause damage and lead to joint deformities. Hemophilia is an inherited condition, with hemophilia A being the most common, caused by a deficiency of factor VIII, and hemophilia B, caused by a deficiency of factor IX. Preventative measures often include regular infusions of clotting factors isolated from healthy donors.