Final answer:
In obstetrics, the term 'gravidity' refers to the number of pregnancies a woman has had, including all pregnancies whether they resulted in a live birth or not. 'Parity' refers to the number of pregnancies that have resulted in a live birth, regardless of whether the babies were single or multiple.
Step-by-step explanation:
In obstetrics, the term 'gravidity' refers to the number of pregnancies a woman has had, including all pregnancies whether they resulted in a live birth or not. 'Parity' refers to the number of pregnancies that have resulted in a live birth, regardless of whether the babies were single or multiple.
If a woman gives birth to twins, it is considered as 1 birth for the purpose of determining gravidity, but it is counted as 2 births for the purpose of determining parity. Therefore, the correct answer is d. 2 births, L (parity) changes.