Final answer:
Applying an alkaline solution to a chemical burn is not recommended because alkalines can cause saponification of skin fats leading to deeper tissue damage, can remain reactive and worsen the injury, and may produce heat that exacerbates the burn.
Step-by-step explanation:
Applying an alkaline solution to a chemical burn is not recommended due to the potential for additional tissue damage. Alkaline substances can be more hazardous than acids because they can saponify fats in the skin, leading to deeper tissue damage. For instance, substances like sodium hydroxide, found in some drain cleaners, are potent alkalis which can cause severe chemical burns upon contact with skin. Such burns may not immediately be painful or visible, allowing for extensive damage before it is even noticed. The alkaline solution may also continue reacting with the tissue, causing a prolonged burning effect which can complicate and worsen the injury. Therefore, immediate and proper dilution with water, not applying another reactive substance, is the key initial step in treating chemical burns. Furthermore, introducing an alkaline substance to a chemical burn can lead to an exothermic reaction that generates heat, exacerbating the burn and potentially leading to thermal injury as well.