Final answer:
A patient discharged after cardiac catheterization should avoid heavy lifting for 24 hours, gradually resume physical activity, adopt a diet low in sodium and saturated fats, continue prescribed medications for heart health, and seek immediate medical attention for unusual symptoms.
Step-by-step explanation:
When discharging a patient who has undergone cardiac catheterization, it is essential to provide instructions that will ensure a safe and effective recovery. Key points the nurse should emphasize include:
- Avoiding heavy lifting for at least 24 hours to prevent strain on the heart and the site of catheter insertion.
- Gradually resuming physical activity, aiming for moderate exercise as it can lower the risk of heart attack by nearly 50 percent.
- Adopting a healthy lifestyle that includes a diet low in sodium and saturated fats, cessation of smoking, and losing excess weight.
- Continuing with prescribed medications to manage blood pressure, cholesterol levels, and prevent clotting, as these contribute to better vascular homeostasis and overall heart health.
- Seeking immediate medical attention if experiencing any unusual symptoms, such as chest pain, shortness of breath, or excessive bleeding at the site of catheter insertion.
Making these long-term changes to behavior, which includes diet and exercise adjustments in combination with a tailored medication regime, can help manage heart health and prevent future complications.