Final answer:
To promote wound healing after abdominal surgery, a nurse must administer pain medications as needed and regularly, assist the patient with movements to prevent strain on the suture line, observe for signs of infection, and educate the patient on wound care, including the use of topical antibiotics if prescribed.
Step-by-step explanation:
Following abdominal surgery, it is crucial for a nurse to support the wound healing process. Key nursing interventions include managing pain, assisting the client with movement, monitoring for signs of infection, and maintaining the cleanliness of the wound. Specifically, administering pain medications as needed (p.r.n.) and regularly can help the patient remain comfortable and encourage mobility, which is essential for preventing the complications associated with immobility, such as deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary emboli.
Additionally, the nurse should assist the client in moving to prevent strain on the suture line, which can support the healing process by reducing tension on the wound and thereby mitigating the risk of dehiscence. It is also important for the nurse to observe the wound for symptoms of infection, such as increased redness, swelling, and pain, since these can impede healing. If an infection is suspected, prompt intervention is required. Furthermore, counseling the patient on the importance of skin integrity and joint mobility, particularly if a scar forms over a joint, could prevent long-term functional limitations.
Ensuring the patient understands the need for regular wound care, including the application of any prescribed topical antibiotics, maintaining a clean environment, and changing dressings appropriately, is critical for promoting healing and preventing complications like gangrenous inflammation and infection.