Final answer:
Theocratic law refers to a legal system based on religious principles and exists in countries with theocratic governments such as those implementing Sharia law. It contrasts with civil law in secular states where law is separated from religious doctrines.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer to the question is D. Theocratic law. Theocratic law exists in countries whose legal structure is based on religious principles. Religious states or theocracies base their legal systems on religious codes. For example, countries that implement Sharia law function under a theocratic legal system, where religious authorities may exert significant influence or control over the governance.
In a theocracy, the religious hierarchy is often intertwined with the state administrative hierarchy, thus making the state's laws reflective of the religious laws. In contrast, secular states have a civil law system that is usually based on democratic processes and is separate from religious doctrines. Iran is an example of a country with a theocratic system, while Turkey exemplifies a secular state.