Final answer:
The statements cover various aspects of muscle physiology in biology. True answers include the diaphragm's conscious control and peristalsis being a smooth muscle pattern, while false ones include the nature of hypoventilating, the neuronal control of muscle fibers, the type of muscle in the heart, and the anaerobic nature of sprinting.
Step-by-step explanation:
Several statements in this series of questions pertain to muscle physiology, a subtopic within biology. Here are some clarifications of these statements:
- The diaphragm is indeed under conscious control, but also contracts involuntarily. Hence, the statement that the diaphragm can contract due to conscious control is True.
- Hypoventilating is characterized by abnormally slow and deep breathing, not fast and shallow. Therefore, claiming hypoventilating is fast and shallow is False.
- Regarding muscle fibers, each motor neuron typically controls multiple muscle fibers, not just one. This statement is False.
- Peristalsis is indeed a pattern of muscle contraction in smooth muscle tissue, which is how food moves through the digestive tract, so this statement is True.
- The human heart is comprised of cardiac muscle tissue, not smooth muscle tissue, rendering this statement False.
- Sprinting is an anaerobic exercise due to its high-intensity nature requiring energy from anaerobic metabolic pathways, which makes this statement True.