Final answer:
Postural deviation common in field sport athletes and sprint runners is typically anterior pelvic tilt, correlated with excessive lordosis of the lumbar spine due to strong and tight hip flexors from athletic activity.
Step-by-step explanation:
The postural deviation most likely to be observed in field sport athletes and sprint runners is anterior pelvic tilt. This is not specifically listed in the provided options, however, an anterior pelvic tilt is often a result of an excessive lordosis, or excessive curvature in the lumbar region of the vertebral column. Field sport athletes and sprint runners develop strong and tight hip flexor muscles, which can pull the pelvis forward and create an increased lumbar arch. This deviation can cause various musculoskeletal issues and affect athletic performance. On the other hand, scoliosis is characterized by an abnormal lateral bending of the vertebral column, and kyphosis is an excessive outward curvature of the thoracic region, creating a hunchback appearance. These conditions are less likely to be directly associated with the athletic activities mentioned when compared to lordosis, which is related to the excessive anterior curvature that can be influenced by the powerful lower body musculature common in sprinters and field athletes.