Question

As status asthmaticus worsens, the nurse would expect which acid-base imbalance?

a. Metabolic acidosis

b. Metabolic alkalosis

c. Respiratory acidosis

d. Respiratory alkalosis

Answer 1

When status asthmaticus worsens, it typically leads to respiratory acidosis due to inadequate ventilation and an increased CO2 level in the blood. Bob's lab results indicate respiratory acidosis with partial compensation, as evidenced by increased bicarbonate levels in response to higher CO2.

Step-by-step explanation:

In the case of status asthmaticus, as it worsens, one would typically expect the acid-base imbalance to be respiratory acidosis. This is due to the fact that a severe asthma attack can lead to an increase in CO2 in the blood because of inadequate ventilation. When examining the lab results for Bob, a pH of 7.31, pCO2 higher than normal, and total HCO3− also higher than normal indicates a state of acidosis - specifically, respiratory acidosis with partial compensation. Bob's respiratory system is likely struggling to expel CO2, resulting in the low pH. The increase in total bicarbonate (HCO3−) suggests the kidneys are trying to compensate for this acidosis by reabsorbing more bicarbonate to neutralize the excess acid.