Final answer:
The nurse would inform parents that the primary signs and symptoms of meningitis are fever, irritability, and nuchal rigidity, which are critical indicators of the disease that require immediate medical attention.
Step-by-step explanation:
The primary signs and symptoms of meningitis that a nurse would reinforce to parents include fever, irritability, and nuchal rigidity (stiff neck). These symptoms are key indicators of potential meningitis involvement, particularly in regards to the inflammation of the meninges surrounding the brain and spinal cord. In addition to these symptoms, others such as headache, confusion or altered consciousness, vomiting, and photophobia (an inability to tolerate light) may also be present.
Nuchal rigidity or a stiff neck is a classic symptom of meningitis and can be a critical sign especially when it is accompanied by fever and changes in mental state like confusion or irritability. It's important to be aware of these signs and seek immediate medical attention if they are observed, as meningitis can cause serious complications, including hearing loss or brain damage, due to inflammation of the protective layers covering the brain.
Bacterial meningitis, which can be caused by various bacteria such as Neisseria meningitidis, is particularly severe and requires prompt treatment with antibiotics to prevent potentially fatal outcomes.