Final answer:
The Patent Office, or USPTO, grants exclusive rights to produce a product, fostering innovation. Patents provide a monopoly for 20 years, incentivizing research and development. This encourages original creators to reap financial benefits from their works. The correct option is A.
Step-by-step explanation:
The agency that gives someone the exclusive right to produce a product, thereby encouraging creativity and innovation, is the Patent Office, also known as the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO). The USPTO, as part of the U.S. Department of Commerce, is responsible for granting U.S. patents and registering trademarks.
This fulfills the mandate of the U.S. Constitution, particularly Article I, Section 8, which aims to "promote the Progress of Science and useful Arts, by securing for limited Times to Authors and Inventors the exclusive Right to their respective Writings and Discoveries." Patents grant inventors the exclusive legal right to make, use, or sell their invention for a specific period, which is generally 20 years for new inventions.
By receiving a patent, firms can potentially earn monopoly profits on a new product for the patent's duration, offering significant incentive for research and development. Copyrights, on the other hand, pertain to literary, musical, and artistic works, providing an exclusive right to the author. Recognizing these rights encourages continued innovation, allowing original creators to benefit financially from their work and deterring competitors from using the innovation without permission.