Final answer:
The Nile River is the largest and longest river in Africa, surpassing others in length and historical significance, and is central to the development of ancient Egyptian civilization.
Step-by-step explanation:
The largest river in Africa is the Nile River. When selecting from the options provided: a. Congo, b. Zambezi, c. Niger, and d. Nile, the correct answer is d. Nile. The Nile River competes with the Amazon River for the title of the longest river in the world. It has a storied history, being central to the development of the Egyptian civilization. Although the Congo River has the most voluminous flow in Africa after the Amazon and the Niger River is crucial to West Africa, and the Zambezi River is known for the spectacular Victoria Falls, none match the Nile in terms of total length.The Nile River's journey begins from two primary tributaries: the White Nile, which starts in Lake Victoria in East Africa, and the Blue Nile, beginning in Lake Tana in Ethiopia. It flows northward through several countries before emptying into the Mediterranean Sea. This majestic river has fostered human civilization along its valley, notably that of ancient Egypt. The regular floods of the Nile once provided the necessary nutrients and water for agriculture. Whereas the Congo River's vast tropical drainage basin and deep waters support an incredible biodiversity, it's the Nile's sheer length that makes it the most expansive river in the African continent.In conclusion, the Nile River is the largest and longest river in Africa. It runs through multiple countries and its historical significance is unparalleled, having supported ancient civilizations with its annual floods. The Nile surpasses other large African rivers like the Congo, Zambezi, and Niger in length, making it a geographical titan on the continent.