Final answer:
Elective surgery is a procedure that can be scheduled in advance and may include medically necessary operations such as a Caesarean section, coronary bypass, or bariatric surgery, though they carry potential risks and are not always the sole treatment choice.
Step-by-step explanation:
A type of surgery that can be scheduled ahead of time and may or may not be medically necessary is known as elective surgery. Examples of such procedures include a Caesarean section, which is an alternative to traditional labor and delivery, and can be planned if there are known risks that suggest a natural delivery might be problematic. Elective surgeries like coronary bypass surgery and bariatric surgery are also examples where the procedure can be scheduled in advance, and they might be imperative for some patients but not medically necessary in others. These surgeries can address severe health concerns or improve the quality of life, but they are not always the only treatment option and must be carefully considered against the risks and potential for post-surgical complications.