Final answer:
The Three-Fifths Compromise resolved the debate over enslaved people's representation in Congress by counting each enslaved individual as three-fifths of a person for representation and taxation purposes.
Step-by-step explanation:
The delegates to the Constitutional Convention resolved the issue of representation of enslaved people in Congress through the Three-Fifths Compromise. This compromise agreed that each enslaved person would be counted as three-fifths of a person for both determining representation in the legislature and imposing direct taxes on the states.
While this agreement temporarily settled the controversy between Northern and Southern states, it also further entrenched the institution of slavery within the fabric of American politics and society until the eventual ratification of the 13th Amendment in 1865, which abolished slavery.