Final answer:
The blood vessels that leave the right ventricle are the pulmonary arteries, which eventually lead to the pulmonary capillaries for gas exchange.
Step-by-step explanation:
The blood vessels that leave the right ventricle and lead to the pulmonary capillaries are called the pulmonary arteries. The single vessel exiting the right ventricle is the pulmonary trunk, which bifurcates into the left and right pulmonary arteries. These arteries branch many times within the lung, forming smaller arteries and arterioles that eventually lead to the pulmonary capillaries where oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange occurs.